Stromboidea
Locus typicus: Zanzibar Archipelago, Tanzania, East Africa, Indian Ocean
History and Synonymy
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967: 455) (Strombus (Canarium) wilsoni) [incorrect original spelling, see Kronenberg & Dekker, 2000]
- Strombus erythrinus erythrinus Abbott, 1960 [in part]
- Strombus species cf. urceus Weaver, 1965: 100, pl. 25 bottom row centre figs.
1995
Cook, 1995, p. 1:
- "After checking the Bishop Museum collection, I found that they have no Strombus labiatus from Hawai."
- "There were also no Hawaiian Strombus erythrinus in the Bishop Museum collection."
Cook, 1995, p. 5:
- "I can find no record of a living Strombus erythrinus found in Hawaii. Cliff Weaver in his Hawaiian Marine Mollusks, May 1965, stated: "Although the range of Strombus erythrinus erythrinus Dillwyn, 1817 was reported as extending to Hawaii (Abbott, 1960), that record was based on a single subfossil specimen dredged at Pokai Bay, Oahu and therefore is not included in this report on living species. A true fossil erythrinus collected by Dr. C.M. Burgess in a limestone formation at Kahi Park, Nanakuli, Oahu establishes this species in Hawaii's Pleistocene." (figure 4) After considerable research, I am convinced that the Burgess shell dredged by the R/V Pele in 1959 (figure 2) is not a crabbed "Strombus erythrinus" (or a subfossil "S. erythrinus") but is Strombus wilsoni Abbott, 1967. I am convinced that the fossil (figure 4) is also Strombus wilsoni and that Strombus erythrinus has never been found in Hawaii."
Cook, 1995, p. 6:
- "Strombus wilsoni is still a rarely collected Hawaiian shell but it is an established species. We and others have found a few live-collected shells at 50 to 70 feet as well as numerous fresh-dead specimens."
2000
Kronenberg & Dekker, 2000, p. 5:
- "Abbott (1967: 455) described Strombus (Canarium) wilsoni as new to science (type locality: Zanzibar; also recorded from Western Australia and Fiji). The epithet wilsoni was used by subsequent authors (e.g. Walls, 1980: 109-110; Kronenberg & Berkhout, 1984: 338, caption of pl.7 fig. 12; Wilson, 1993: 156, caption of pl.21 fig. 7; Drivas & Jay, 1998:15; Kreipl & Poppe, 1999: 37; Poppe, Man in't Veld & De Turck: caption of plate 67 [specimen nr. 7 is not this species], Poppe & Groh, 1999: 60). Yet in his dedication, Abbott (1967: 455) stated: "This species is named after the Australian malacologist, Dr. Barry Wilson, and also after Mr. Wilson Darwin of Philadelphia.". From this dedication it is evident that this taxon was named after two persons, which implies that the specific epithet has an incorrect original spelling (ICZN Art 31.1.2). Inevitably, the original spelling of the epithet has to be emended into wilsonorum (ICZN Art. 32.5.1), with the emended name retaining the original authorship and date, viz. Strombus wilsonorum Abbott, 1967."
Reports
Jeanette & Scott Johnson about Canarium wilsonorum from Kwajalein Atoll:
- "Canarium wilsonorum is a species with a couple of distinct growth forms in the Marshall Islands that live in different habitats. Specimens from the rubble and under rocks on seaward reef in 10 to 25m of water are small, short, and rather squat. The larger population that lives shallow lagoon Halimeda beds have shells that tend to be much larger, narrow, and elongate. Although the larger seaward reef specimens may match the smaller lagoon specimens in length, those from the lagoon seem distinctly narrower and more elongate. It almost seems as though we are looking at two different species. Both forms are highly variable in color."
"The specimen came from the seaward reef. The rest are from lagoon Halimeda patches."
- bottom left: "A hermit crab has taken over the yellow shell below."
- br: "A tiny shell in some stringy algae."
All Photos of Kwajalein Atoll-specimens courtesy Scott & Jeanette Johnson, Kwajalein Atoll
Keoki Stender: Canarium wilsonorum from Hawaii
WILSON'S STROMB: Rare on sand-covered pavement at scuba depth. Color pattern variable, aperture edged with brown. Attains 1.25 inch. Hawaii & the Indo-Pacific. Formerly known as Strombus wilsoni.
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); Ewa, Oahu Island, Hawaii Islands, USA; Photo Keoki Stender
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); Ewa, Oahu Island, Hawaii Islands, USA; Photo Keoki Stender
Bob Abela on Canarium wilsonorum from Guam
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); Hospital Point, Guam, USA; photo Bob Abela
- "This is a small specimen, some might consider it a dwarf at ~10mm. It was collected off Hospital Point, Guam. ~70 ft, in a small pit with sand and rubble. Photographed from my small aquarium."
Specimens from private collections
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); F. Veloso, Nacala Bay, Nampula Province, Republic of Mozambique, Indian Ocean; on algae bottom, dived at 1,5 m; 1999; 29,9 mm; Coll. Frank Nolf no. 07562a
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); Nacala Bay, Nampula Province, Republic of Mozambique, Indian Ocean; dive at 3-8 m; 2011; 27,0 mm; Coll. Ulrich Wieneke
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); North of the Republic of Mozambique, Indian Ocean; by local diver near reef; 2004; 27,8 mm; Coll. Ulrich Wieneke
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); La Reunion Island, Indian Ocean; 20 mm; Coll. Frank Nolf no. 07562
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); Oahu Island, Hawaii Islands, USA; 27,8 mm; Coll. Ulrich Wieneke
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); Piti Lagoon, USO Beach, Guam Island, Mariana Islands, Micronesia, USA, North Pacific Ocean; 5-20 ft on sand at night, scuba; 1979; 23,0 mm; shallow water form; Coll. Paul Merrill
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); Orote’ Cliffs, Guam Island, Mariana Islands, Micronesia, USA, North Pacific Ocean; 60-90 feet in sand & silt on slope; 1985; 15,0 mm; deep water form; Coll. Paul Merrill
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); Orote’ Cliffs, Guam Island, Mariana Islands, Micronesia, USA, North Pacific Ocean; 60-90 feet in sand & silt on slope; 1984; 15,0 mm; Coll. Paul Merrill
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); Orote’ Cliffs, Guam Island, Mariana Islands, Micronesia, USA, North Pacific Ocean; 60-90 ft in silt in sand trenches; 1985; 19,8 mm; Coll. Paul Merrill
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); Anae/Facpi, Guam Island, Mariana Islands, Micronesia, USA, North Pacific Ocean; 85 ft in silt on sand; 17,8 mm; 6/1985; Coll. Paul Merrill
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); Togcha Beach, Agat Bay, Guam Island, Mariana Islands, Micronesia, USA, North Pacific Ocean; in clean white sand, 55 feet, Scuba; 21,4 mm; 7/1979; Coll. Richard Salisbury
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); Orote Cliffs, Orote Point, Guam Island, Mariana Islands, Micronesia, USA, North Pacific Ocean; in a pile of small rocks, 55 feet, Scuba; t:17,6 mm, b:17,2 mm; 5/1979; Coll. Richard Salisbury
Canarium wilsonorum (Abbott, 1967); Piti Lagoon, USO Beach, Guam Island, Mariana Islands, Micronesia, USA, North Pacific Ocean; 5-20 ft on sand at night, scuba; 1978; 21 mm; Coll. Paul Merrill
References
- Abbott, R.T., 1967. Strombus (Canarium) wilsoni new species from the Indo-Pacific. Indo Pacific Mollusca 1(7): 455-456
- B. Cook, 1995. Proposed Name Change for Hawaiian Strombus Records, Hawaiian Shell News vol. XLIII (6), p. 1,5-6, Fulltext
- Kronenberg, G.C. & Dekker, H., 2000. A nomenclatural note on Strombus wilsoni Abbott, 1967, and Strombus wilsonorum Petuch, 1994, with the introduction of Strombus praeraninus nom.nov. (Gastropoda, Strombidae). Basteria 64(1-3): 5-6.
- Weaver, C.S., 1965. The genus Strombus in Hawaii. Hawaiian Marine Mollusks 2(26): 99-102.