Original Diagnosis of Strombia by Rafinesque, 1815, p. 145:

• "18. Famille. Canalifera. Les Canaliferes. Coquille ŕ bouche canaliculée.
  • "1. S.F. ...."
  • "2. S.F. Strombia, Les Strombiens. Bord de la base ou bouche, dilaté en aile laterale. G.: 13. Strombus L. 14. Pterocera Lam. 17. Rostellaria Lam."

In Stromboidea you have the following fossil and recent families:

• Stromboidea Rafinesque, 1815
  • Aporrhaidae Gray, 1850
  • Colombellinidae Fischer, 1884
  • Harpagodidae Pchelintsev, 1963
  • Pugnellidae Kiel & Bandel, 1999
  • Rimellidae Stewart, 1927
  • Rostellariidae Gabb, 1868
  • Seraphidae Gray, 1853
  • Spinilomatidae Gründel, Nützel, Schulbert, 2009
  • Strombidae Rafinesque, 1815
  • Struthiolariidae Gabb, 1868
  • Thersiteidae Savornin, 1914
  • Tylostomatidae Stoliczka, 1868
  • Xenophoridae Troschel 1852 (1840)

In the literature are a lot of Species defined, which cannot be placed into one of the above families, mostly because of the bad preservation of the originals. Also synonyms of Stromboidean shells are treated here.

• Stromboidea species.
• Synonyms

Often you can find fragments of shell, which cannot be assigned to a genus or a species. You can find them here.

Ancestors of the Stromboidea are under discussion.

Comments

• The families, that are used, are not always well founded. So any discussion on improving that situation would be helpful.

Synonyms

• Strombiformes
• Rostellariacea Delpey, 1941

History and Synonymy

1887

Bouvier, 1887 describes soft part of Stromboideans

2017

Webster & Vermeij, p. 740:

• "Varices occur widely in the Stromboidea. Most are enlarged rounded ribs, but some are adorned with spines, as in the aporrhaids Spiniloma and Spinigeropsis (Spinilomatidae) of the Early Jurassic, Pietteia (Dimorphosomatinae) of the Middle Jurassic, and Diempterus (Aporrhainae) of the Late Jurassic (Kollmann, 2009; Gründel, Nützel & Schulbert, 2009). In most aporrhaids, varices occur at half-whorl intervals, but in some aporrhaids and most strombids, varices are more closely spaced and confined to the spire whorls (Fig. 2H).Largely based on Kollmann’s (2009) fossil-based evolutionary scenario, we infer three independent origins of varices in the Stromboidea. No varices occur in the oldest member of the group, the genus Dicroloma (Aporrhainae) of the Early Jurassic (Sinemurian) (Kollmann, 2009; Gründel et al., 2009). Varices evolved first in Spiniloma (Spinilomatidae) during the Sinemurian, separately in Pietteia (Dimorphosomatinae) in the Middle Jurassic, and a third time in a lineage of Aporrhainae including the Late Jurassic genera Dicroloma and Diempterus. According to Kollmann’s (2009) scenario, in the Aporrhaidae, the varices of the Early Cretaceous (Barremian) to Recent Arrhoginae (observed in the genera Arrhoges, Graciliala, Latiala, and Mexopus) were inherited from dimorphosomatine ancestors, as were varices in some members of the Anchurinae (Drepanochilus and Helicaulax), which originated in the Barremian. The varicate Rostellariidae (Campanian Late Cretaceous to Recent) are diphyletic with separate origins in the varicate Arrhoginae (Graciliala and Latiala). The Strombidae of the Cenozoic are derived via the Rimellinae from the Calyptraphorus group of Rostellariidae (Kronenberg & Burger, 2002; Kollmann, 2009)."

References

• Bouvier, E.L. 1887. Systeme nerveux morphologie générale et classification des gastéropodes prosobranches; Annales de Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie 3(1):1-510, pls. 1-19, Fulltext
• Chadwick, H. 1899. An attempt to define the natural groups of Strombus, The Nautilus, XIII(7), 76-78, XIII(8) 93-96
• Latiolais 2003
• V. Liverani (2013). The Superfamily Stromboidea: Addenda and Corrigenda, Supplement I in Poppe, Groh & Renker, A Conchological Iconography, Harxheim, 1-54, pls 131-164.
• L. Staadt, 1908. Causes d’erreur dans la détermination des Alatacea. Bulletin de la Société d’Etudes des Sciences naturelles de Reims, 1908 :50-56.
• N.B. Webster & G.J. Vermeij, 2017. The varix: evolution, distribution, and phylogenetic clumping of a repeated gastropod innovation; Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2017, 180, 732–754
• About Stromboidea Classification, see Wenz 1938.
• About Strombidae, Seraphidae and Rostellariidae, see Kreipl 1999.
• Long list of stromboidean species and references, see Roy 1994.

Higher Classification